Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan agreed to a new joint defense pact that says an attack on one will be treated as an attack on all three. Their leaders signed the deal in Mecca, calling it a plan to strengthen deterrence and expand defense cooperation. The agreement comes during rising regional tension, including the war in Iran, attacks on Saudi oil sites, and growing friction between Turkey and Israel. All three governments said the pact is defensive, not aimed at any specific country, and does not replace their other military partnerships. Turkey said it is open to more countries joining if they support stability in the region. Iran criticized the deal, saying it will not bring Saudi Arabia security. Saudi Arabia responded that the pact is not a military axis and will not change its ties with Gulf or international partners. Pakistan’s prime minister called it a historic step and praised his army chief for helping secure the agreement. Analysts in Turkey and Pakistan said the pact formalizes long‑standing ties and will likely focus on diplomacy, defense industry projects, and technology sharing rather than large troop deployments. Experts said the three countries bring different strengths, including Pakistan’s military experience, Saudi Arabia’s economic power, and Turkey’s growing defense technology.